What are the two basic types of electric power steering systems?

The two basic types of electric power steering systems are column mounted and rack mounted.

Column-mounted electric power steering systems are integrated within the steering column itself, where an electric motor is positioned to assist the driver with the steering effort. This design is commonly used in vehicles with a compact architecture, allowing for an economically efficient setup.

On the other hand, rack-mounted electric power steering systems are integrated directly into the steering rack, providing assistance to the gear mechanism responsible for steering the wheels. This arrangement allows for a more direct application of the electric assist directly at the point where steering effort is needed.

Both systems serve the same fundamental purpose of reducing the physical effort required to turn the steering wheel, but they are implemented in different locations in the vehicle to cater to varying design and operational requirements.