Which of the following tests involves disconnecting the outer tie rod end and measuring the effort required to move the tie rod in the socket?

The correct choice identifies the articulation test, which specifically evaluates the movement and flexibility of suspension components, including the tie rod end. In this test, disconnecting the outer tie rod end and measuring the effort needed to move it within the socket assesses the condition of the tie rod and surrounding components. If the tie rod moves smoothly with minimal effort, it indicates that the bearings or bushings in the assembly are functioning correctly and there are no excessive wear or play issues. Conversely, if significant effort is required, it may suggest that there are problems such as binding, corrosion, or deterioration of the components, which could negatively affect steering performance and handling.

Other tests mentioned, such as the alternator output test, focus on electrical system performance; the assembly test evaluates the integrity and fit of parts together; and the dry park test is generally used to examine suspension systems under static conditions without load. These different focuses highlight the importance of recognizing specific diagnostic methodologies relevant to each component of the steering and suspension system.